Beligama Farm managed by Aitken Spence & Company was vested with the Land reform Commission and later was handed over to the National Livestock Development Board in 1975.

The soils of this region generally belong to Red Yellow Podzolic soils and the reaction is usually moderately to strongly acidic with a trend towards increasing acidity with increasing rainfall. The Organic matter and Nitrogen status is medium and with elevation. Phosphorous and Potassium status is usually low. In areas where the parent rock is rich in potash feldspars, the Potassium status is fairly good. The Calcium and Magnesium supplies in these soils are quite low, but this however, does not seriously affect crops such as rubber. Certain orchard crops and vegetables require the application of these elements. The cation exchange capacity of these soils enables a satisfactory retention of chemical fertilizers even under high rainfall condition. The depth texture and drainage is extremely good.